This place is remote by European standards. I think it is a good destination for persons interested in WW2 history. I thought that it was very interesting and well presented so definitely worth time and effort to get there. In addition to the main site, there are more impressive bunkers located on private lands and definitely worth a visit. The museum’s website is also very well done and full of interesting information and photos not even presented at the Wolfssahanze.
The Wolf's Lair, or Wolfsschanze, was situated in the Masurian woods of East Prussia, near the small East Prussian town of Rastenburg (now Kętrzyn in Poland). This location was chosen for its seclusion and strategic advantage, being far from the major war fronts and well-protected against air raids. The site's remote location in a dense forest provided natural camouflage and made it difficult for enemy forces to locate and attack.
Construction of the Wolf's Lair began in 1940, a massive undertaking that transformed a remote woodland into one of the most fortified military headquarters of the Nazi regime. The complex sprawled over an area of about 6.5 square kilometers and was constructed by Organisation Todt, a civil and military engineering group in Nazi Germany. It consisted of over 80 buildings, including bunkers, barracks, two airfields, a railway station, power plants, and even a teahouse.
The heart of the complex was the heavily fortified bunkers, including Hitler's own bunker, which had walls up to 8 meters thick made of reinforced concrete to withstand direct hits from bombs. Wolf's Lair, known in German as Wolfsschanze, was a critical command center for Adolf Hitler during World War II.
The choice of location reflected strategic and security considerations, nestled far from the reach of Allied bombing campaigns yet close enough to the Eastern Front to oversee operations directly. The location in East Prussia was strategically chosen, close enough to the front lines for direct oversight yet secluded and secure from potential Allied attacks. On June 22, 1941, Germany launched Operation Barbarossa, the largest military invasion in history, against the Soviet Union.
See the excellent website of the museum at https://wolfsschanze.pl/en/
On January 24, 1945, with the Soviet forces closing in, the decision was made to evacuate and abandon Wolf's Lair. This move signaled the imminent collapse of the Nazi regime and the end of Hitler's tyrannical rule, which had brought untold suffering and devastation to Europe.
In a bid to prevent the Soviets from using the facility or discovering its secrets, German forces systematically destroyed Wolf's Lair before their retreat. Explosives were used to demolish the bunkers and buildings, leaving the once-formidable complex in ruins.
The Soviets razed the Chancellery buildings and also attempted to destroy the bunker, without much luck. The site would sit unused and neglected until after the fall of the Berlin Wall, when development of the area prompted the discovery of several underground sections. These were promptly destroyed, although there is rumor that some rooms (sealed to the public) remain. Not wanting the space to become a Neo-Nazi shrine, the German government kept the location of the bunker undisclosed for many years. Nondescript apartment and office buildings, as well as the parking lot, were erected on the site and the bunker went unmentioned. The space was not officially recognized as the place of Hitler’s death until June of 2006, when a plaque including historical background and a schematic diagram of the bunker was quietly placed at the intersection of In den Ministergärten and Gertrud-Kolmar-Straße.
Peenemünde Army Research Center
Peenemunde is a peninsula in northern Germany on the Baltic coast. It was here from 1936 that the Nazi regime opened the Peenemünde Army Research Centre and under Wernher von Braun it was where the development of the first rockets took place: the V1 ‘Doodlebug’ and latterly the V2 rocket.
The site was heavily bombed once the Allies realised the importance of the site and the RAF launched several raids using Lancster bombers: the remains of one of them can be seen in a lake at Peenemünde.
In November 1938, Walther von Brauchitsch ordered construction of an A-4 production plant at Peenemünde, and in January 1939, Walter Dornberger created a subsection of Wa Pruf 11 for planning the Peenemünde Production Plant project. By midsummer 1943, the first trial runs of the assembly-line in the Production Works at Werke Süd were made, but after the end of July 1943 when the enormous hangar Fertigungshalle 1 (F-1, "Mass Production Plant No. 1") was just about to go into operation, Operation Hydra bombed Peenemünde.
Several German guided missiles and rockets of World War II were developed by the facility in Peenemunde, including the V-2 rocket (A-4). The facility also performed preliminary design work on very-long-range missiles for use against the United States. That project was sometimes called "V-3" and its existence is well documented. The Peenemünde establishment also developed other technologies such as the first closed-circuit television system in the world, installed at Test Stand VII to track the launching rockets.
The supersonic wind tunnel at Peenemünde's "Aerodynamic Institute" eventually had nozzles for speeds up to the record speed of Mach 4.4 (in 1942 or 1943), as well as an innovative desiccant system to reduce the condensation clouding caused by the use of liquid oxygen, in 1940.
The RAF Bomber Command attacked the Peenemunde facility on the night of 17/18 August 1943 in Operation Hydra. Hydra was the first operation against the German V-weapon programme. The British lost 40 bombers and 215 aircrew, and several hundred enslaved workers in the nearby Trassenheide forced labour camp were killed. The Luftwaffe lost twelve night-fighters and about 170 German civilian personnel were killed, including two V-2 rocket scientists.
For more information see the museum’s webpage: https://museum-peenemuende.de